LESSON PLAN

Contents Page

Change Record

Security Awareness Notice

Terminal Objectives

UNIT 1: PRESIDENTIAL DECISION DIRECTIVE

Lesson Topic 1.1 – Complex Contingency Operations Overview

Lesson Topic 1.2 – Role of United States Government Agencies

Lesson Topic 1.3– After Action Review

Lesson Topic 1.4 – Political Military Plan Overview

UNIT 2: POLITICAL MILITARY PLANNING SCENARIO

Lesson Topic 2.1 - Develop a Political Military Plan

TERMINAL OBJECTIVES

1. Successfully demonstrate an understanding of Presidential Decision Directive 56 in accordance with the National Defense University Handbook for Interagency Management of Complex Contingency Operations.

Enabling Objectives

At the end of this topic the trainee will be able to:

1. Summarize the purpose of Presidential Decision Directive (PDD 56).

2. Define a Complex Contingency Operations as it applies to PDD 56.

3. Describe types of operations not meeting PDD 56 criteria.

4. List examples of Complex Contingency Operations since the end of the Cold War.

5. State the importance of integrated agency coordination in the planning of Complex Contingency Operations.

Trainee Preparation:

A. Trainee Support Materials

1. Complex Contingency Operations Handbook

B. Reference Publications: None

Discussion Point	Related Instructor Activity
1. Introduction	1. Establish contact. Introduce yourself and give any background on yourself that might be of interest to this topic. Motivating Statements. Explain how course materials will be used. Explain why lesson material is of importance to the students.
2. Background • Senior interagency organization is the National Security Council • Four statutory members • President • Vice President • Secretary of State • Secretary of Defense • Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and Director of Central Intelligence Agency serve as advisors to the Council • National Security Act of 1947 • Authorized NSC to administered interagency process
3. Origin of PDD-56 • Operation Restore Democracy, 1994, Haiti showed: • Planning for complex operations did not include integrated efforts among the various agencies involved.
4. Complex Contingency Operations are defined as: • To improve synchronization and integration between military and civilian agencies for Complex Contingency Operations (CCO) • Complex – indicates that the operations combine diplomatic, military, political, humanitarian, public security, social, and economic dimensions • Contingency - indicates that plans are being made for potential implementation • Policy is needed to guide government officials in interagency planning of future complex contingency operations. • To establish a process to address all aspects of a crisis: • Diplomatic • Political • Security • Economic • Humanitarian • To eliminate problems from failure to plan early: • Delays on the civilian side • Increased pressure on military to expand involvement in non-military tasks • Possible jeopardy to overall success • Purpose of PDD 56 • Manage Complex Contingency Operations	Present examples e.g., northern Iraq, Somalia, Rwanda, Haiti and Bosnia
5. Policy on Managing Complex Contingency Operations • The Clinton Administration’s Policy explained in detail in PDD-56 • Need for effective responses to the rising number of territorial disputes, armed ethnic conflicts, and civil wars that pose threats to regional and international peace • May require multi-dimensional operations made up of such components as political/diplomatic, humanitarian, intelligence, economic development, and security	Refer Trainees to Appendix A of Handbook (Whitepaper)
6. PDD-56 defines “Complex Contingency Operations:” • Included - Peace operations, including peacekeeping; humanitarian intervention; foreign humanitarian assistance (HA) operations • Not included, unless otherwise directed – Domestic disaster relief (DR) routine or small-scale operations; military operations, including counter-terrorism, hostage rescue, or international armed conflict.
7. Complex Contingency Operations have dramatically increased in number since the end of the Cold War.	7. List examples.
8. Importance of Integrated agency coordination • Past experience - separate planning resulting in agencies implementing their own plan. Result was action in the field lacked: • Coordination • Resource issues were not adequately addressed • Major elements of the mission were often misunderstood until the operation was well underway	8. Refer trainees to Appendix C of Handbook for Sync Matrix example.
9. Summary and Review – The objective of this topic was to 1. Summarize the purpose of Presidential Decision Directive (PDD 56). 2. Define a Complex Contingency Operations as it applies to PDD 56. 3. Describe type of operations not meeting PDD 56 criteria. 4. List examples of Complex Contingency Operations since the end of the Cold War. 5. State the importance of integrated agency coordination in the planning of Complex Contingency Operations.
Assignments. The following assignments should be completed:

3. Origin of PDD-56

5. Policy on Managing Complex Contingency Operations

6. PDD-56 defines “Complex Contingency Operations:”

7. Complex Contingency Operations have dramatically increased in number since the end of the Cold War.